Improvement in hydkautio cranes



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D. `S. EINES, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 67,113, dateduly 23, 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN HYDRAULIC GRANES.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN;

Beit known that I, D. S. HIES, of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings, andState of New-York, have'- invented certan'new and useful improvements inHydraulic Cranes; and 'I do hereby declare the following to be a full,clear, andiexact description thereof, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures marked thereon. Ofthese drawings- Figure 1 is a central vertical section through thecylinder, ram, mast, and jib.

Figure 2 is a side eleva-tion,

Figure is a cross-section, taken through the jib at the line :c of iig.2, showing the construction ofthe brace to to the'jib and suspensionrods, and also of the carriage.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in the severalfigures.

One of my improvements consists in placing within the cylinder a metalpost so constructed that it will form a guide for the ram working overit, as well as to act as a steadiment to it to more efi'ectually preventany springing ofthe ram when the latter is under the strain of a loadlplaced on the jib, and tending to keep the lower end ofthe ram in linewith bearings in the neck of the cylinder, and thus relieve the cranefrom any jerking or unsteady motion while the crane is raising a heavyload. Cranes of-the class 'to which my improvements relate have beenheretofore constructed with a. shaft projecting up through the bottom ofthe cylinder and connected to the ram in a solid manner. 'This docs notmake so simple nor so effective a bearing, nor can the foundation bebuilt so solid, as provision has to be` made to give access to thestuiiing-box in the bottom of the cylinder. A i y Another of myimprovements consists in combining with the ram a mast, such mast havinga bearing above tliejib, and removable with the jib from the cylinderand ram, by means whereof I attain greater strength ofl parts, and abetter and more convenient bearing, with a lighter construction. Byusing this limproved con-I strnctionof-th'e ram, neither it nor thecylinder need be so large nor heavy, besides admitting of a much lighterworking-pressure of water without increasing the diameter of the rambeyond the size demanded by the pressure used.

Another of my improvements consists in the employment of a device forthe purpose of separating the mast and jib from the ram when it becomesnecessary to renew the packing of the ram. l

Another of my improvements consists in combining with the jib a brace,so arranged as to prevent the jibv from buckling as it is termed, whileit is sustaining a heavy load.

Another of my improvementsconsists in suitably constructing andarranging the carriage upon the-jib so that such carriage will be freefrom any undue lateral movement or disturbance.

And another of my improvements consists in the introduction of air,under pressure, to any convenient part of the cylinder, so as to freethe cylinder and pipes connected therewith from water, especially incold weather, 'when the water remaining therein is liable to'freeze Toenable others to make and use my improvements, I will proceed todescribe their construction and operation.

A represents the bed-plate or foundation'of the crane; B, the cylinder'.This cylinder is constructed with a centralpost, C, which is secured inthebottom in any convenient manner, and extends up to near the neck a. Dis the ram, working up and down the cylinder and over this post C. Theram is hollow down to near its base, where it contracts into the shapeof a throat, b, and laterally supports the post C. At the points c c cthe water can pass throjigh grooves cut in'the'periphery olf the throat,into the interior of the ram, so that the column of water will act onthe whole area of the'ram at the same time. It will thus be seen thatthe post C acts as a steadiment to the ram in all positions of thelatter, and prevents any undue strain at the throat of the cylinder, andtends to prevent any unsteady or jerking motion when the crane isheavily loaded,` by keeping the parts better in line, making thefriction more uniform. E rs Va mast, to which the beams'compcsing thejibare attached. This mast is constructed at its lower end, wherefitsattached to the ram, with a conical socket, into which the top of theram is inserted. At the top of this socket. and transversely to andthrough this mastis made a slotted, opening, c', with two proiections orsunge, d d', cast on Vthe portion of the mast through which this slottedopening passes, so as to cause it to 'ex-tend out upon either side ashort distance, as shown in the ldetailed fig. 4which represents a crossvertical section of a portion of the mast and ram. Through the uppersurface of these snugs are inserted screws e e', which pass into theslotted opening and bear upon a bar, f, inserted therein. The pressureexerted upon this bar by thesel screws (the depthof such bar being lessthan the depth of the slotted opening) causes the mast to separate fromthe ram D, forcing the conical socket up from the end o t' the ramtherein contained. F F are two uprights, and Gr is a cross-tie,containing, at the centre, a guide, g, through which the upper portionof the mast passes, thus forming a steadiment to the mast and jib.Instead o'f such uprights, Suc., the mast can receive support in anyother convenient way, according tothe location where the crane is to beused. H H are the two beams composing the jib. I I are the suspensionrods attached thereto and to the mast E. These rods, in cranesconstructed with the jib formed of one beam, are extended out to theextreme end of the jib, the yoke suspending the load to the carriagebeing forked and travelling over and outside of thejib, the travel ofthe carriage being limited by the attachment oi the suspension rods. Bymaking the jib in two parts, as shown in theV drawings, and suspendingthe weight between the twoparts, Iam enabled to attach the suspensionrods at any suitable point in the length of the jib, and still be ableto traverse the carriage the whole length of the jih. I construct thispart of the crane by placing at any convenient point, say a shortdistance beyond the middle or centre of these beams, anintermediate'braCe, .consisting ot' two uprights, t t, one placed andsecured upon the outside of each beam, and a brace, t', between them attop, the upright-s of the brace being high enough to admit ofthe passageof thc carriage underneath, and the suspension rods I I being bolted orotherwise attached to the outside of these uprights and through theadjacent beams. These uprights may, however, be connected with the jibeither in front or behind the bearings of the tension rods, and the sameresult obtained. Thus there is a degree of strength and amount ofstii'ness given to the jib not before obtained by the ordinary way ofattaching and arranging the parts, while the suspension rods may be madeshorter and lighter. J is the'carriage, which runs up'on the jib, havingfour wheels and a body. This body is prolonged downwards in' the shapeof a triangle, in the centre of which is placed the post K,containing,at a'point between the beams of the `)'ib, a friction-roller, L. Thisvertical friction-roller gives the carriage a steady andeasy motionalong the jib. v M is the pipe through which waterv is forced intb thecylinder. N is the pipe, to which I attach anyv suitable air-apparatusfor the purpose'of introducing air under pressure into the cylinder, andfreeing it and the pipes, cocks, and other apparatus connected therewithfrom water, for the purpose before stated. l

Having described my improvements, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is

l1. The combination of the .cylinder and ram with an internal centralsupport, constructed substantially as and for the-purpose described.

2. The arangement, with the lcylinder and ram, of ajib, constructed witha mast, said mast being provided with a suitable guide above the jib,substantially as and for the purpose described.

3. The arrangement, in thelower-pa'rt of the mast, of a device forunlocking or releasing it from the ram, substantially as described. v v

4. The arrangement, with the jib, of an intermediate brace,substantially as andvfor the purpose described.

5. The combination,I with the carriage running upon the `jib, of avertical friction-roller, substantially as and for the purposedescribed.

6. The introduction of air under pressure at any convenientpoint in thecylinder, for the purpose of blowing the water out that mayremain'therein and in its connecting pipes after use, substantially asdescribed.

D. s. Hines.

Witnesses:

E. LYON, Jr., T. B. BEECHER.

